Second-to-fourth digit ratio and facial shape in boys: the lower the digit ratio, the more robust the face
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Second-to-fourth digit ratio and facial shape in boys: the lower the digit ratio, the more robust the face.
During human ontogeny, testosterone has powerful organizational and activational effects on the male organism. This has led to the hypothesis that the prenatal environment (as studied through the second-to-fourth digit ratio, 2D : 4D) is not only associated with robust adult male faces that are perceived as dominant and masculine, but also that there is an activational step during puberty. To t...
متن کاملSecond to fourth digit ratio and face shape.
The average human male face differs from the average female face in size and shape of the jaws, cheek-bones, lips, eyes and nose. It is possible that this dimorphism is determined by sex steroids such as testosterone (T) and oestrogen (E), and several studies on the perception of such characteristics have been based on this assumption, but those studies focussed mainly on the relationship of ma...
متن کاملThe Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) in Children with Autistic Disorder
Introduction Emerging hypotheses suggest a causal role for prenatal androgen exposure in some cases of Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The ratios of the lengths of the bones of the 2nd to the 4th digits (2D:4D) are purported to be markers for prenatal androgen exposure and to be established early in gestation. Ratio of second and fourth digits (2D:4D) is usually used as a proxy for prenatal t...
متن کاملAssociation between Second to Fourth Digit Ratio with Handwriting Quality and Speed among Elementary School Children
Background Genetic impacts on handwriting legibility and speed, especially in early childhood, are not well understood. The present study used a 2D:4D ratio as a biological marker to investigate the associations between genetic factors with quality and speed of handwriting among the elementary school children. Ma...
متن کاملSecond to fourth digit ratio and numerical competence in children.
The ratio between the 2nd and 4th fingers (2D:4D)-a potential proxy for prenatal testosterone (T) exposure-shows a sex difference, with males usually having lower mean values; the latter potentially indicates higher prenatal T exposure. We studied relations between 2D:4D and competencies in the domains of counting, number knowledge, and visual-number representation in 73 children aged 6-11 year...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
سال: 2012
ISSN: 0962-8452,1471-2954
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2351